作者: bankr

  • 世界食品价格创出2年来新高

    世界食品价格正在上涨。联合国粮农组织(FAO)12月5日发布数据称,11月食品价格指数(2002~2004为100)创出2017年9月以来、时隔2年零2个月的最高水平。11月达到177.2,比上月上升2.7%。背景是中国需求正在扩大的肉类和作为生物燃料使用的情况正在增加的植物油的价格上涨。

    棕榈油的价格上涨(reuters)

    联合国粮农组织的食品价格指数通过谷物、砂糖、肉类、乳制品和油脂类的国际交易价格计算,显示食品整体的价格波动。上涨尤其显著的是植物油,11月上涨10.4%。由于用于生物燃料的情况增加和对2020年以后供给不足的担忧,棕榈油尤其大幅上涨。

    肉类上涨4.6%。以中国需求增加为背景,牛肉和羊肉的价格上涨明显,同时猪肉也在上涨。

  • Japanese home cooking can be as simple as any other cuisine – Sonoko Sakai makes it easy

    • The Japanese-American food writer shows how seasonal dishes can be adapted for any kitchen
    • Recipes include fresh soba noodles, miso soup, fresh daikon radish sauce, koji-marinated salmon

    For many of us, cooking Japanese food at home seems far beyond our capability. That’s ridiculous, of course – home cooks in Japan aren’t meticulously carving daikon into paper-thin ribbons, cutting 300kg bluefin tuna into sushi or making dashi jelly. They leave that to the professionals. Japanese home cooking can be as simple as any other cuisine, although it tends to be more seasonal and presented more beautifully.
    Japanese-American food writer Sonoko Sakai seeks to dispel such misconceptions in her book, Japanese Home Cooking – Simple Meals, Authentic Flavors (2019). Japanese home cooks adapt their dishes to work with the ingredients they have at hand. In the introduction, Sakai writes: “My father used to say that .” He was an airline executive who was posted to New York in the early 1950s, where Sakai was born. They received Japanese ingredients – such as tea, miso and dried seaweed – in care packages from relatives.
    “I watched my mother main­tain a Japanese kitchen everywhere our family lived, which was often a challenge. She was an ingenious and resource­ful cook who managed to make Japanese meals with­out always having access to Japanese ingredients. From my mother I inherited the arts of adaptability and flexibility,” Sakai writes.
    “My mother learned how to combine American and Japanese ingredients and turn them into hybrid dishes. She made fried rice with chopped onions and Birds Eye frozen peas and carrots. She stir-fried the vegetables in butter and garnished the dish with crispy flaked nori.”
    The family moved back and forth between Japan and overseas postings, including Mexico City and California. In Japan, Sakai and her grandmother bought fish directly from the fisherman’s net, still-warm tofu and freshly milled rice. But it was in Los Angeles that her mother learned “disappearing Japanese food traditions” – how to make miso, natto and nukazuke (fermented bran pickles) – from the issei (first generation Japanese-Americans) who were eager to maintain their connections to Japan through food.
    The recipes in the book include basic white rice, fresh soba noodles, Japanese milk bread, soy milk, fresh tofu, miso soup, fresh daikon radish sauce, pickled ginger, bonito and kombu dashi, grilled eggplant with herbs, koji-marinated salmon, tonkatsu (pork cutlet) with ume shiso paste, Japanese curry bricks, okara (soy lees) pancakes with blueberry syrup, oden (vegetable, seafood and meat hotpot), Santa Maria-style tri tip beef with yakumi (aromatics and herbs), and sweetened adzuki bean ice pops.

  • What does it take for the oldest French fashion brand Lanvin to get a shot at China’s 350 million millennial hearts and minds?

    • Lanvin marked its 130th anniversary with a concept store at the Bund Finance Centre on Shanghai’s famous riverfront Bund
    • China will be its key market where it is hoping to make 40-50 per cent of its turnover in the medium term

    Lanvin, France’s oldest surviving couturier, is placing a big bet on China’s 350 million millennials to revive its stagnating business in luxury fashion. It’s counting on new designs and a digital push by its deep-pocketed parent for help.
    “China is our focal market, which will represent 40 per cent to 50 per cent of our overall sales in the medium to long term,” said Joann Cheng, chairman of the brand’s owner Fosun Fashion, during an interview in Shanghai with South China Morning Post. “At present, the biggest market of Lanvin is in Europe, followed by the United States, but we see the growth in China.”
    Fosun Fashion, a unit of Hong Kong-listed Fosun International, bought 65.6 per cent of the unprofitable Lanvin in February 2018. The purchase expands Fosun Fashion’s portfolio of global brands, including Italian menswear brand Caruso, control of Vienna-listed luxury textiles maker Wolford and US knitwear label St. John.
    Lanvin, whose prices of bags, couture and accessories are comparable to those of Gucci, Chanel or Louis Vuitton, has opened three stores in Shanghai and Hong Kong since Fosun’s takeover. The brand marked its 130th anniversary on Friday with a concept store at the Bund Finance Centre on Shanghai’s famous riverfront Bund, adding to the five it already operates in the world’s most populous consumer market.
    China, with 26 per cent in projected annual growth in the sales of luxury products including watches, clothing and shoes, has been the main growth driver for the world’s premium brands. This year’s sales may reach €30 billion (US$33.3 billion), according to a report released by research firm Bain & Co on November 28.
    Chinese customers accounted for 90 per cent of the constant growth of the market in 2019, reaching 35 per cent of the value of luxury goods, according to Bain. Among them, millennials – those born between 1981 and 1996 – number more than 350 million, making up one of the biggest shares of the potential customers.
    Government policies and lower price differentials continued to fuel local consumption.
    To achieve this goal, Cheng said Fosun will focus on digital marketing via social media, recommendations by key opinion leaders and online sales.
    “Our loyal customer are aged 40 to 50 years and we hope to extend to the younger and rich generation,” she said. “Generation X or millennials are over 30 years old and have strong purchasing power.”
    Lanvin has positioned its brand as “creative luxury”, recruiting the 31-year-old Bruno Sialelli as creative designer in January this year.
    But some customers said they had not yet noticed any changes in designs.
    Annie Zhou, 32, a gallery curator in Shanghai, said she found the quality was good, but too old school. “It is a safe choice probably, but too boring,” said Zhou, who bought a Lanvin blouse in France three years ago. “I know about the brand because I worked in the fashion industry, but none of my friends, who are fans of Chanel, Gucci and LV, know about it.”
    Lanvin’s focus will be on increasing the sales of accessories to account for 50 per cent of turnover in the next few years.
    “Standard items such as leather bags and shoes are good for online sales, which customers may want to try on when buying luxury clothes,” said Cheng.
    It was reported earlier this year that Fosun was in talks with some strategic investors and partners to raise US$100 million from the sale of a stake in Lanvin.

  • 4B is the feminist movement persuading South Korean women to turn their backs on sex, marriage and children

    • The “Four Nos” are no dating, no sex, no marriage, and no child-rearing, according to the movement
    • Marriage rates are plummeting in South Korea, where wives are often expected to work, raise children, and care for ageing in-laws with little help

    “I’m a straight woman who is no longer interested in having relationships with men,” says Bonnie Lee.
    She doesn’t care about finding a boyfriend or a fairy tale wedding, and will decide her own happily ever after. And she is not alone.
    A growing number of South Korean women are banding together to reject rigid patriarchal norms and vowing never to wed, have children or even date and have sex.
    “I’ve always felt that as a woman there are more disadvantages than advantages to being married,” says Lee, a 40-something professional who lives with her dog near Seoul.
    Now she has gone even further embracing the nation’s radical feminist movement “4B” or the “Four Nos”: no dating, no sex, no marriage, and no child-rearing.
    Marriage rates are plummeting in South Korea where wives are often expected to work, raise children, and care for ageing in-laws with little state or community help.
    “In the marriage market, your previous life and work experience don’t matter,” explains Lee, who has two masters degrees. “For some ridiculous reason, being highly educated also becomes a minus point. What matters the most as a potential wife is whether or not you are capable of caring for your husband and in-laws.”
    She has witnessed well educated friends hitting barriers at work and experiencing problems at home after having children.
    Such difficulties are the subject of a recent hit film, Kim Ji-young, Born 1982 . Based on a controversial feminist novel, it centres on a married South Korean woman who has quit her job and struggles to raise her child with limited support. Women viewers rated the film an average 9.5 out of 10 stars on the South’s top search engine. Men gave it 2.8.
    A growing number of women are turning their backs on the traditional expectations of South Korea’s male-dominated society, where working wives spend four times longer on domestic chores than their husbands.
    A decade ago almost 47 per cent of single and never-married Korean women said they thought marriage was necessary. Last year, that fell to 22.4 per cent, while the number of couples getting hitched slumped to 257,600 – down from 434,900 in 1996.
    There is no official data on the size of the 4B movement, but its members say it has at least 4,000 followers.
    Meanwhile a separate feminist YouTube channel that features boycotting marriage and child rearing has more than 100,000 subscribers.
    Lee has also adopted some tenets of “Escape the Corset”, a movement against South Korea’s strict beauty standards – some adherents have shared viral videos of themselves smashing up their make-up collections.

  • 盘点2019各国年度词汇

    年末岁初之际,全球多家词典和语言机构纷纷推出了2019年的年度词汇。

    澳大利亚:Cancel Culture

    澳大利亚的《麦考瑞词典》(Macquarie Dictionary)评选出的2019年度词汇是“抵制文化”(cancel culture)。

    这个词指的是对网上说错话,做错事的公众人物进行抵制的现象。

    该委员会指出这个词语完美地捕捉了00后(Zeitgeist)在2019年的一种重要现象。

    “这种态度如此普遍,以至现在都有了名字。无论如何,社会上的‘抵制文化’已成为了一股强大的力量。”

    除了这个词之外,其他几个入选的年度词语还有:eco-anxiety(生态焦虑)、ngangkari(澳大利亚原住民词语,传统医治者)、thicc(源于非洲英语的俚语,是thick的另一种写法,用来形容女性臀部的丰满曲线,这属于正面形容,表示赞赏不同于西方传统白人审美观的体型特征)。

    英国:Climate Emergency

    英国《牛津词典》(Oxford Dictionaries)也于近日推出了2019年度词汇——“气候紧急状态”(Climate Emergency)。

    指“需要采取紧急行动来减少或制止气候变化,并避免由此造成的潜在不可逆转的环境损害的情况”。

    数据显示在2019年,这个词从几乎不太使用变成了使用最为广泛的词汇。这主要是由于今年人们对气候变化更为重视。

    英国:Climate Strike

    英国的《柯林斯词典》(Collins Dictionary)推出了2019年的年度词汇。这个词就是“气候抗争”(Climate Strike)。

    该词典在对这个词进行解释时说:“这是一种抗议形式。一年多前随着瑞典女学生格蕾塔·通贝里(Greta Thunberg)的行动而兴起。现在这已经发展成为一场世界性运动,因此被认定为柯林斯2019年度词汇”。

    据介绍,这个词于2015年11月正式得到使用。当时,联合国气候变化会议在巴黎举行,被称为气候抗争的气候罢工罢课运动与当时的联合国会议同期举行。

    今年,这种罢工罢课和抗争行动在世界各国的大城市出现。澳大利亚的悉尼、墨尔本及布里斯班也出现了在街头抗议示威,甚至“装死”(die-in)抗议活动。

    这个词的使用率在2019年增长率100多倍。

    除了这个词之外,入围的其他词语还有:influencer(网红意见领袖)、Rewilding(野化)、deepfake generator(通过深度机器学习伪造视频图像的软件工具,简称为深伪器)等词语。

    美国:Existential

    本周一(12月2日),美国的dictionary.com也公布了今年的年度词汇。这个网络词典选出的词汇是“人类存在的”(existential)。

    该网站指出,这个词在2019年用于多种语境之中,例如气候变化、科技。

    在一个博客帖文中,该网站说:“我们从两个意义上定义形容词‘人类是存在的’。第一个意义‘表示存在或与存在有关’。17世纪末,‘存在的’一次进入英语语言时,经常在表示某人或某物生存受到威胁时被使用。例如,对一个物种的生存威胁,使它的持续的存在置于真实、具体的危险之中。”

    德国:Respektrente

    据德国媒体报道,德国语言协会(Society for the German Language)近来也推出了2019年该国的年度词汇,这就是“有尊严的养老金”(Respektrente)。

    目前,德国政府正在计划实施基本养老金制度,以保障那些从业多年,却只有菲薄退休金人士的生活。

    这是一个关系国计民生的词语。此外,入围的词语还包括:Rollerchaos(滑板车乱像)和Fridays for Future (周五为未来运动,指“别无选择”的年轻一代用这种方式走上街头表达在气候变化上的诉求)等。

    中国:十大流行语

    据中国媒体报道,《咬文嚼字》编辑部公布了2019年十大流行语。

    分别是:

    (1)文明互鉴:即世界上不同文明之间加强交流,相互借鉴。

    (2)区块链

    (3)硬核:译自英文hardcore,引申意思是面向核心受众,有一定难度和欣赏门槛的事物。

    (4)融梗:把别人精彩的创意融合进自己的作品中。

    中国2019年10大流行语
    中国2019年十大流行语 (Weibo)
    (5)××千万条,××第一条:源于电影《流浪地球》中北京第三区交通委的口号——“道路千万条,安全第一条”)

    (6)柠檬精:字面意思是柠檬成精。这个词最初用在他人身上,用来嘲讽别人,含义与“嫉妒”类似,形容嫉妒人时心中酸溜溜的感觉。但近来,柠檬精的贬义色彩在不断淡化,有时也用于自嘲,表示“我羡慕了”。

    (7)996:指一种工作制度:早上9点上班,晚上9点下班,每周工作6天。这种工作制度常出现在互联网等高科技公司。

    (8)我太难/南了:出自“快手”视频网站上的一个“土味视频”,这是普通网民希望释放生活压力的心理表现。

    (9)我不要你觉得,我要我觉得:出自2019年暑期热播的综艺节目《中餐厅》第三季的嘉宾黄晓明之口,反映了人们对霸道、蛮横人格的嘲笑和反感。

    (10)霸凌主义:这是个国际热词,引起了世界各国人民的关注。很多人认为国家的霸凌主义思维和行径会给全球带来巨大危害。

  • 俄罗斯发行严寒老人纪念币俄罗斯发行严寒老人纪念币

    这套纪念币有多个版本,面值分别为3卢布和25卢布,还有单色和彩色之分。

    据俄罗斯央行网站报道,该行今日发行“俄罗斯(苏联)动画”系列纪念币“严寒老人和夏天”,以及“俄罗斯联邦生态、技术和原子能监督局”纪念币。
    “严寒老人和夏天”纪念币分两版发行。银制硬币面值3卢布,另一版由非贵金属制成,面值25卢布。3卢布硬币的背面是动画片中的一个场景,刻着彩色的严寒老人和孩子们,顶部写有“圣诞老人和夏天”字样。该版硬币共发行3000枚。

    面值25卢布的硬币有无色和彩色两版,背面同样是动画片中的场景,两版分别发行5万枚和45万枚。

    此外,央行还发行了面值为一卢布的“俄罗斯联邦生态、技术和原子能监督局”纪念银币,以纪念彼得一世下令成立矿物院300周年。该版纪念币发行3000枚。

  • 俄罗斯银行将发行9种绘有武器设计师和其发明武器图案的纪念币

    俄罗斯银行将发行9种绘有武器设计师和其发明武器图案的纪念币。每种纪念币发行100万枚。

    俄罗斯银行在官网上发布消息称,12月2日发行由非贵重金属制做的面值为25卢布(约合2.7元人民币)的“伟大胜利武器”(武器设计师)系列纪念币。
    俄罗斯中央银行此次发行的系列硬币属于俄罗斯联邦境内的合法现金支付工具,在进行各种支付时必须按其面值无限制地接受。

  • 中国父母为何给孩子选择精英教育?

    中国的精英教育越来越受欢迎。在昂贵的私立学校,孩子们开始学习经商基础知识,打高尔夫球,练瑜伽和马术,学校击剑等等。总而言之,一切都为了将来成为领导者。

    华东师范大学教育学系教授卜玉华在接受采访时指出,大多数生活富裕家庭都选择能带来社会地位的学校。

    她说:“我想这也折射了我国当代社会阶层分化越来越严重,是处于中上层阶级的父母为了保证子女沿袭自己的社会身份所采取的一种策略。这些父母本来就没有打算让子女过普通人的生活,他们的理念是我去领导他人。那么在这一深刻的社会背景下,我认为精英教育至少能够保证过精英阶层的生活。另外,精英学校还能够为孩子提供直接通道,只要进入类似的国际学校和重点中学, 90%以上都能进入名校,因为其背后存在利益链。所以在世俗的意义上精英教育是能够保证成功的,而且不需要花费过多的力气。”

    那么,孩子是否正失去正常的童年呢?要知道,在此类学校或者幼儿园,每分钟都安排的很紧:体育、音乐、营商课程和礼仪基础等等。

    卜玉华教授认为:“童年生活不见得会被剥夺。因为成年人为其提供了更丰富的物质生活,提供了更多的可能性,甚至包括坐游艇到各地参观、坐直升机一小时从中国飞到日本等等,他们的所见所闻也与普通儿童不同。所以我想与在乡村体验朴素主义的童年生活相比,精英教育给予的可能是另外一种意义上的童年生活。”

    她说:“我的女儿每天过得很充实很开心。她从来没有被迫上过一节不喜欢的兴趣班。我的方法是先跟孩子商量,征求她的同意,然后带孩子去体验,再和她沟通体验的感受,最后让她自己做出选择,但是一旦选择,就不能轻易放弃。”

    李璇为女儿选择的就是这样的道路,因为她想给自己孩子的未来创造更多的机会。

    她说:“精英教育不是成功生活的必要保证,也非必要条件,但是精英教育是真正意义上的素质教育。俗话说技多不压身,学习知识加上技能学习可以极大丰富孩子的生活,全方位培养孩子的自信心、勇气、毅力、领导力和创造力。精英教育是一种‘全人教育’,是人的多方面和谐发展的教育。每个人对‘成功’都有不同的理解。我理解的成功是建立在拥有健全独立的人格、丰富广泛的兴趣爱好、持久不衰的学习热情、战胜挫折的勇气和能力的基础之上的生活状态,而这些素质的培养可以在精英教育中找寻方法和答案。”

  • 谷歌帝国的最新掌门人桑达·皮查伊

    谷歌掌门人桑达·皮查伊(Sundar Pichai)又升迁了,这次是兼任谷歌母公司Alphabet的首席执行官。

    谷歌联合创办人布林和佩奇宣布退居二线,而谷歌王国的大权全部交给第三把手,印裔美籍“70后”皮查伊。

    从印度钦奈的清贫之家,到谷歌帝国掌门人的办公室,皮查伊47年的人生故事被称为“美国梦”的实例,也是印度在国际科技界的地位的明证。

    他主政期间谷歌推出了不少重磅产品,也曾因中国市场战略和其他问题招惹非议。

    个人奋斗
    1972年,皮查伊出生在印度海滨城市钦奈(Chennai,原名马德拉斯)一个普通家庭,家庭窘迫。他和父母、弟弟一家4口挤在一套只有两间房间的公寓,兄弟俩晚上在客厅打地铺。

    家里没有电视,没有汽车。皮查伊12岁时家里才装了电话。

    很多年后,皮查伊已成为印度人民的骄傲的时候,印度媒体披露说,他从小就懂得节俭、勤奋,学习很刻苦。

    皮查伊在中学是学霸,但不是书呆子 — 他是学校板球队队长,率领队友们一路过关斩将,夺得地区大赛冠军。

    他父亲是当地英国通用电器公司的工程师,当年每天下班回家后会跟儿子聊公司的事,包括遇到的苦难。他记得桑达记忆特别好,尤其擅长记电话号码。

    后来,皮查伊毫无悬念地进了印度理工学院卡拉格普尔分校(IIT Kharagpur),学习冶金工程专业。

    这个学校是印度政府组建的工程技术高等学府,有七个分校在全国各地,被称为印度“科学皇冠上的瑰宝”,是印度最顶尖的工程教育与研究机构。这个学校的IT毕业生遍布世界各地,很多人汇聚在美国硅谷。

    《印度时报》引述皮查伊上大学时的一位老师说,这孩子是那一届最聪颖最出色的一个。

    他的妻子安嘉莉·皮查伊(Anjiali Pichai)是他大学同班同学。

    同窗成伴侣
    印度网站Bollywoodshaadis.com在讲皮查伊夫妇罗曼史的时候直呼他俩证明,真正的爱情经得起时间和现实的考验。

    皮查伊曾对媒体说过当年在学校跟女友约会很不方便,因为没有手机。

    “到女生宿舍楼去找她,得从正门进去,在前厅等人进去把她叫出来。通常那些人会高声喊,安嘉莉,桑达来啦!那可不是什么令人愉快的经历。”

    大学毕业后,皮查伊拿到美国斯坦福大学的奖学金。飞美国的机票价钱超过了父亲一年的工资。

    最后全家设法把他送到了美国。他那时口袋空瘪,穷学生一枚。而女友安嘉莉则留在印度,两人相隔万里,曾经6个月没有通过话,但相思不断。

    后来安嘉莉也去了美国,这才结束了两地相思之苦。

    皮查伊在一家半导体公司找到了工作,有了稳定收入,觉得可以成家了。在征得姑娘父母同意之后,他向安嘉莉求婚,姑娘一口答应。

    印度媒体还声称要不是妻子,皮查伊可能早就被其他公司挖走了,也就没有今日谷歌和Alphabet掌门人的故事了。微软曾经想招皮查伊去当CEO,推特和雅虎也都找过他,但安嘉莉说,别心神不定,就留在谷歌。

    他听了妻子的,没走,一直做到今天。

  • 日本企业普遍预期东京奥运后经济料将萎缩 需更多刺激举措

    调查显示,日本企业普遍预期2020年东京奥运后经济将会萎缩,而奥运前将实现增长,这引发了推出新财政刺激举措以支撑脆弱经济的呼声。

    全球第三大经济体–日本的第三季经济增速创一年来最慢,因全球放缓打击了仰赖出口的日本经济。许多市场人士预计第四季日本经济将会萎缩,因10月1日消费税由8%上调至10%对消费造成冲击。

    上月接受路透调查的分析师预估今年第四季经济将萎缩2.5%,明年第一季反弹0.6%;然后7-9月的第三季经济增长环比年率料朝着1.2%提速,在此期间,东京将举办奥运会。

    2020年第四季,经济增速料将减半。

    路透企业调查发现,日本企业对经济前景益发悲观,有65%受访者预期经济在奥运过后将会萎缩。这可能是企业支出和投资将比市场预期更弱的讯号。

    约65%受访者敦促政府编列新的经济刺激计划来支撑2020年奥运过后的脆弱经济。

    “经济已经在衰退。在奥运过后,民间消费有可能急剧下滑,”一位运输设备制造商的主管在调查中写道。

    “奥运带动的经济荣景或许可以暂时避开衰退。如果没有某种刺激举措,各行各业都可能景气降温,”一位陶瓷企业主管写道。

    尽管政府准备推出规模约1,200亿美元的新经济支出方案来支持经济,并建设应对大型自然灾害的基础设施,但仍然出现了对新刺激措施的呼声。

    包括民间支出和其他支出在内,该方案规模将达到25万亿日圆(2,300亿美元)左右。

    自从安倍晋三2012年12月就任首相以来,安倍经济学的“三支箭”–货币宽松、财政支出和结构化改革–已经帮助扩大了经济规模。

    但正面动能迅速消退,数年来的大规模货币和财政刺激措施未能推动通胀达到日本央行2%的目标,使决策者几乎没有抵御下次经济衰退的弹药。

    调查发现,在被问及最希望采取的刺激措施时,公共工程是最受欢迎的选项,有30%的受访者选择;其次是下调所得税、资本支出的税收减免以及对信息技术和人工智能的人力资本投资。

    额外的货币宽松政策最不受欢迎,只有3%的人选择;向低收入人群的支出次之。

    一家运输设备制造商的经理认为没必要采取刺激措施,表示这会成为拐杖,可能会给将来带来不利后果。

    “一旦想要避免这种情况,经济将需要反复刺激,”他写道。

    此次调查在11月20日至12月2日之间进行,调查了502家大中型非金融企业。大约半数企业对经济问题匿名作出回复。