作者: bankr

  • 美联储周三结束为期两天的议息会议后宣布,维持现行利率0%-0.25%不变

    美联储周三结束为期两天的议息会议后宣布,维持现行利率0%-0.25%不变,符合市场预期。决定利率政策的联邦公开市场委员会也公布预测,今年美国经济将萎缩6.5%,年底失业率将达到9.3%。美国财长姆努钦表示,美国经济开始反弹,第三第四季将显著改善。

    美联储周三决定,维持基准利率近于零。美联储并表示,在经济从新冠病毒疫情复苏之前,将维持现有利率政策。官员预料将维持低利率到2022年。

    美联储在一连两天举行议息会议后,决定联邦基金利率目标范围维持在零至0.25%,合乎市场预期。

    美联储决定利率政策的联邦公开市场委员会并公布经济预测,表示今年美国国内生产总额(GDP)将萎缩6.5%,但年底失业率会从目前的13.3%降至9.3%。

    联邦公开市场委员会透过声明表示:这场新冠病毒疫情导致全美及世界各国经济面临巨大困境,对经济展望构成巨大风险。 美联储并承诺,将使用所有工具支持美国经济,重申新冠病毒疫情危机短期内严重影响经济活动、就业及通胀。公共卫生危机对中期经济前景,构成相当大的风险。

    美联储发表的图表显示,预计将维持利率在目前水平直至2022年底。

    不过,美国财长姆努钦周三表示,美国经济已开始反弹,预料将在第三及第四季显著改善。美国参议院举行会议,讨论美国政府在新冠疫情下协助企业的舒缓措施成果。努钦书面声明表示,就业职位和其他经济数据都显示,美国分阶段重启经济情况良好。

  • China’s new bank loans fell in May, but broader credit growth quickened amid policy easing

    New bank lending in China fell more than expected in May from the previous month, but broader credit growth quickened as the central bank continues to ease policy to get the economy back on solid footing after the shock from the coronavirus crisis.

    Banks extended 1.48 trillion yuan (US$209 billion) in new yuan loans in May, down from 1.70 trillion yuan in 

    April

     and falling short of analyst expectations, according to data released by the People’s Bank of China (PBOC) on Wednesday.

    Analysts polled by Reuters had predicted new yuan loans would fall to 1.50 trillion yuan in May, although new loans were higher than 1.18 trillion yuan in the same month last year.

    Household loans, mostly mortgages, rose to 704.3 billion yuan in May from 666.9 billion yuan in April, while corporate loans fell to 845.9 billion yuan from 956.3 billion yuan.

    Broad M2 money supply in May grew 11.1 per cent from a year earlier, below estimates of 11.3 per cent forecast in the Reuters poll. It rose 11.1 per cent in April.

    Outstanding yuan loans grew 13.2 per cent from a year earlier compared with 13.1 per cent growth in April. Analysts had expected 13.2 per cent.

    “We think credit growth will continue to accelerate in the months ahead given loose monetary conditions, political pressure on banks to lend more and plans for a further ramp up in government borrowing,” said Julian Evans-Pritchard, senior China economist at Capital Economics.
    “This should drive a strong rebound in investment and help shore up economic activity in the near-term. But further ahead, another round of state-led stimulus will worsen resource allocation and lead to a jump in debt levels.”

  • 印度黄金进口量下滑 99%

    今年5月,印度黄金进口量连续第二个月下滑, 幅度约为 99%,背景是这个世界第二大黄金消费国为控制冠状病毒爆发而实施限制措施。

     

    一位不愿透露姓名的知情人士称,上个月印度进口的黄金从一年前同期的105.8吨降至1.3吨。在此之前,4月份的进口量骤降至60公斤,为至少10年来的最低月度进口量。

    印度已开始慢慢放松自3月25日实施的全国范围内的禁运措施,该措施令航空公司停飞、重创印度经济。不过,珠宝商对最早在9月份前需求回升并不乐观,因金融压力仍在加剧,而印度国内的黄金价格徘徊在纪录高位附近。

    根据彭博社收集的数据,印度的黄金进口在2020年前5个月下降了80%,降至75.46吨。

     

    印度市值最大的珠宝商TitanCo.周一表示,截至3月的三个月里,他们公司珠宝部门的收入下降近6%,3月下半月的销售受到严重打击,原因是与病毒相关的限制措施导致所有商店都关闭了。

  • 危机应对部署到位,美联储目光料转向长期扶持经济规划

    美国联邦储备委员会(美联储/FED)的最新政策会议周三落幕,美联储逐渐减少关注应对疫情冲击的大规模行动,重心转向尚在拟定中的计划,以协助强化及拉长刚起步的经济复苏。

    美国5月就业报告交出新增250万个岗位的意外之喜,企业开始重新聘雇员工的速度之快,也让经济分析师感到惊讶。

    虽然这鼓舞了一些乐观情绪,但美联储官员异口同声表示,经济统计数据的重要性暂时比不上疫情危机的进展。官方已认定美国经济2月起便陷入衰退,决策官员一致认为,在确定第二波疫情不会迫使民众再度无法出行之前,风险将持续偏高。

    尽管2月以来美国减少约2,000万个就业岗位、经济可能正以大萧条时期的速度萎缩、染疫死亡人数将近11.1万人,在这一片愁云惨雾之中,美股却仍然回升到接近危机前的高档,拜美联储大举行动而企稳的债市,也为老牌百货公司梅西等众多面临困境的企业提供融资。

    就业岗位严重流失,未来仍要面对历史性的风险,因此美联储可能依然强调未来几年将维持宽松货币政策承诺,并最终给出更具体的政策保证。

    “尽管高频数据出现令人振奋的反转,也有初步迹象显示企业回聘活动升温,但对经济前景的看法应该仍偏向审慎,”牛津经济研究院(Oxford Economics)首席美国金融分析师Kathy Bostjancic表示。“尽管有强劲反弹”,失业率料仍居高不下,通胀低于美联储2%目标的情况至少会持续到明年,“…此外还有第二波疫情的风险。”

    美联储将自去年12月以来首次发布最新经济预估,阐述对经济前景的看法。上一份预估发布时,长达10年的经济扩张还没有被突如其来的新冠疫情打破。

    美联储的这份经济预估和政策声明将于周三1800GMT出炉,之后美联储主席鲍威尔将召开记者会。

    承诺提供支持

    会议声明和鲍威尔可能会重复危机初期以来的标准承诺,即保持利率接近于零并提供一切所需支持,直到经济“步入正轨”向着实现美联储的充分就业和通胀目标方向前进。

    美联储已向金融市场提供数万亿美元的广泛支持,就像2007年至2009年金融危机和衰退时期所做的那样。但这一次它走得更远,与美国财政部在购买公司债和市政债、以及向“实体”经济中的中小型企业提供贷款等计划上面进行了合作。

    这些计划对于地方政府和企业来说是一种故障保险,可以帮助他们抵御疫情导致的突如其来的税收和收入损失。

    但理想情况下,它们应该是短期的权宜之计。从长远来看,关于如何引导经济恢复到2019年的状态,美联储将面临一系列选择。那个时候,失业率处于纪录低位、低收入工人的工资不断增长、经济保持稳定增长。

    这可能需要数年时间。预计美联储会在某个时点更明确地承诺利率究竟需保持在近零水准多久、或者购债的适宜水准,才能够为经济持续提供额外支撑。

    美联储也可能会考虑作出某种新承诺,比如保持长期利率在一个特定水平,也就是所谓的收益率曲线控制策略。

    这可能不会发生在本次会议。但鲍威尔或将清楚表明联储着眼于长期,以及经济还需要具备什么条件才可重返往日水准。

    Evercore ISI副总裁Krishna Guha说,最新预测可能显示,决策官员预计保持近零利率直至2023年,政策声明稿和鲍威尔的讲话料给予支持。Krishna Guha曾在纽约联储任职。

    “美联储将暗示它仍聚焦于…联储目标与当前经济状况之间的巨大落差,”Guha写道,并预测联储声明稿、预测和鲍威尔记者会的整体基调都将偏温和。

  • Banks earnings under pressure from rising credit cost, modification losses

    Banks earnings are likely to remain uncertain and volatile this year with a combination of factors, analysts said.

    This includes Day One modification losses and rising credit cost, they said, ading that the recovery path was unlikely in thenear term.

    Kenanga Research has reduced banks’ equity risk premium by 25 basis points (bps) for next year, saying updated guidance from banks had helped to provide some context to the outlook ahead, while recent earnings cuts had also aided in lowering some earnings risks.

    However, it said the re-opening of the economy and significant cuts to policy rate had helped clear some overhang for the banking sector.

    Its analyst Ahmad Ramzani Ramli maintains “neutral” to local banks as they would be facing a tougher operating environment ahead with a solid balance sheet.

    “We upgrade AMMB Holdings Bhd (AMMB) to ‘outperform’ from ”market outperform as it has been a laggard and valuations look cheap for financial year 2021 with price-earnings-ratio 7.3 times lower than smaller peers Affin Bank Bhd and Alliance Bank Malaysia Bhd.

    “As such, AMMB could be an attractive catch-up play. For a more defensive tilt, we prefer Hong Leong Bank Bhd over Public Bank Bhd and add the stock to our “Outperform” list,” he said in a ‘report today.

    Kenanga Research said banking stocks had enjoyed a catch-up rally last week, where the sector rose 10.5 per cent for the week compared to 5.6 per cent gain for the FBM KLCI.

    Consequently, the sector is now up 23.9 per cent from its low in March (FBM KLCI: up 27.6 per cent) but on year-to-date basis, it is still down 11.6 per cent FBM KLCI: -2.0 per cent.

    “We believe the recent rally was fuelled by a combination of liquidity, rotational play into cyclicals and possibly, more optimistic prospects ahead. We noted that other regional markets have also seen their banking stock prices pick-up,” it added.

    Kenanga Research said some key observations for the trends between share price performance, price earnings (PE) and profitability included share prices bottomed out around three to six months ahead of earnings and strong PE multiple expansions subsequently as share prices reacted positively to improved earnings prospects.

    Hong Leong Investment Bank Bhd (HLIB) analyst Chan Jit Hoong said net interest margin pressure might persist into following quarters given May’s 50 bps Overnight Policy Rate (OPR) cut and possibly another 25bps reduction in the second-half of the year.

    “With the confluence of events from Covid-19 crisis and imminent recession, loans growth is expected to taper further. Besides, asset quality is poised to remain weak but it should not spiral out of control (at least till end September 2020).

    “This is because Malaysian borrowers were granted six-month loans deferment while any restructuring and rescheduling (R&R) of loans affected by Covid-19 will not be tagged as impaired,” he said in a report.

    The firm cut its earnings forecasts for CIMB Bank Bhd, Malayan Banking Bhd, Public Bank and RHB Bank Bhd due to two-year aggregate earnings negative of compound annual growth rate of 5.7 per cent.

    “We believe recent sector rally was due to ample liquidity given the six-month loan moratorium, series of OPR cut, and low fixed deposit rates. In turn, this led to decade high retail participation and more generous valuations were accorded to stocks than usual, despite challenging outlook,” it said.

  • SoftBank to Expand Vision Fund Cuts to as Many as 80 Workers

    SoftBank to Expand Vision Fund Cuts to as Many as 80 Workers

    SoftBank Group Corp.’s Vision Fund is preparing to cut staff by about 15% after reporting record losses for the last fiscal year, according to people familiar with the matter.

    Rajeev Misra, head of the London-based Vision Fund, expanded the number of planned cuts in recent days to as many as 80 employees out of roughly 500, said one of the people, who asked not to be identified discussing personnel decisions. The fund had planned to trim about 10% of its workforce as of last month, Bloomberg News has reported. The cuts may be announced as soon as Wednesday, the person said.

    SoftBank Group International, an arm led by Marcelo Claure, reduced its staff by about 26 out of 230, said another person familiar with the matter. Bloomberg News reported last month that the group’s cuts were expected to be about 10%.

    SoftBank, led by billionaire founder Masayoshi Son, reported a record operating loss of about $13 billion last month as it wrote down the valuations of companies like WeWork and Uber Technologies Inc. In just one year, the Vision Fund went from the main source of booked profits at SoftBank to the biggest contributor to that loss. Son originally said he hoped to raise a new Vision Fund every two to three years, but he has conceded he can’t attract money now because of the poor performance.

    “SoftBank is good at controlling when to step on the gas pedal and when to pump the brakes,” said Shinji Moriyuki, an analyst at SBI Securities. “Many Japanese companies are both cautious to advance and very reluctant to retreat. It makes sense now for the Vision Fund to cut back.”

    Spokespeople for the Vision Fund and SoftBank Group declined to comment.

    SoftBank’s businesses were battered early this year with the coronavirus outbreak and its stock tumbled. Son then unveiled plans to buy back stock and pay down debt by selling off about $42 billion in assets, including part of its stake in Alibaba Group Holding Ltd. SoftBank shares have doubled since their low in March. They were little changed on Wednesday.

    Separately, Arm Ltd., a chip technology company owned by SoftBank Group, said the chief executive officer of its China joint venture has been replaced. A majority of directors on the board of Arm China voted to remove Allen Wu, the company said.

    At the Vision Fund, Misra is looking to slice as much as 20% of its costs, the first person familiar with the matter said. The cuts may disproportionately affect staff responsible for supporting portfolio companies, known internally as the operating group, the person said. As many as 18 people in the group will lose their jobs, out of a total of about 50.

    The focus of the cuts on the operating group raises the question of why it is letting go of staff with the expertise needed to help portfolio companies through the crisis. More than 85% of the fund’s capital has already been spent and the remainder is reserved for follow-on investments, which suggests startup operators will be needed more than dealmakers.

    Most of the operating group’s members were hired by Claure, SoftBank’s chief operating officer, in 2018 with the goal of helping startups fine-tune their strategies to improve execution and speed their path to profitability. Claure’s mandate put him on a collision path with Misra, who ended up absorbing the team into the Vision Fund in early 2019. Gerry Lopez, a former executive at Starbucks Corp. and PepsiCo Inc., heads the group.

    Some of the Vision Fund’s staff may transition to positions at SoftBank, the person said. Two of its managing partners are already planning to move into new roles at the Japanese company. Akshay Naheta will become senior vice president, assisting Son in investments and providing strategic advice. Kentaro Matsui will transition to a senior advisory role at SoftBank.

    The staff cuts come just a week after SoftBank revealed that Misra received a substantial increase in compensation, despite massive losses in the business. The former Deutsche Bank AG trader earned 1.61 billion yen ($15 million) in the year ended March 31, more than double his pay a year earlier. Misra was SoftBank’s second-highest-paid executive in the period, after Claure.

    SoftBank Group may also see staff departures. About 30 of the 192-person workforce at the Tokyo-based business have submitted resumes seeking jobs to one of Japan’s recruitment agencies, according to another person familiar with the matter.

     

  • Ex-Goldman banker avoids prison time in insider trading case

    Ex-Goldman banker avoids prison time in insider trading case

    A former Goldman Sachs banker prevented jail time on Tuesday for his position in a world insider buying and selling ring that generated tens of tens of millions of {dollars} in earnings utilizing confidential details about multibillion-dollar takeovers.

    Bryan Cohen, who labored in Goldman’s London and New York places of work from 2010 till his indictment final yr, was sentenced to 12 months of house detention by a federal choose in Manhattan.

    The 33-year-old French nationwide was one among a gaggle of merchants, bankers and others indicted final yr by US prosecutors as they took down an insider dealer ring that stretched from New York to London and Geneva.

    Mr Cohen pleaded responsible in January to promoting details about offers Goldman was advising on in return for bundles of money in a scheme that concerned “burner” cellphones and code names.

    Goldman, which was not accused of any wrongdoing, put Mr Cohen on depart when the costs had been introduced and has co-operated with the investigation. The financial institution fired Mr Cohen in December.

    Prosecutors with the Manhattan US lawyer’s workplace had requested for 37 months of jail time for Mr Cohen, a advice on the prime finish of the 30-37 month guideline sentence vary.

    Richard Cooper, an assistant US lawyer, stated on Tuesday that Mr Cohen’s conduct was extra akin to these seen within the organised unlawful medicine commerce than a white-collar matter.

    “They primarily used the instruments of the drug commerce to commit insider buying and selling,” he stated on the sentencing listening to held by teleconference, noting using pre-paid telephones and money funds.

    Mr Cohen’s lawyer, Benjamin Brafman, stated the comparability was “excessive and inappropriate”, arguing that his shopper had lived an in any other case exemplary life.

    “This can be a reasonably good one who all through his life has performed himself in a really productive and fairly frankly good method,” stated Mr Brafman. He had requested that Mr Cohen be allowed to return to his native France the place he would perform 2,000 hours of group service.

    Mr Brafman argued that his shopper was vulnerable to contracting coronavirus if he was imprisoned, noting that Mr Cohen developed bronchial asthma as an grownup.

    Mr Cohen’s offences included tipping off a Swiss dealer about Monsanto and ChemChina’s $45bn-$47bn bids to purchase Swiss agricultural know-how group Syngenta in 2015, and Arby’s 2017 deal to purchase the dad or mum firm of fellow eatery Buffalo Wild Wings for $2.3bn.

    In a sentencing memo final month, Mr Brafman stated Mr Cohen’s promising profession in banking was completed on account of his conduct, writing: “He has misplaced a career he cherished the place his altruistic nature was driving him to do his greatest for each shopper.”

    Mr Cohen was the third former Goldman worker to plead responsible to US insider buying and selling costs over the previous two years, although these earlier circumstances equally didn’t contain allegations in opposition to the financial institution itself.

    Although William Pauley, the choose overseeing the case, known as the suggestion of group service in France “unenforceable and absurd”, he rejected the federal government’s name for a jail sentence.

    Mr Pauley famous that international nationals within the US will not be eligible for jail camps or minimal safety services the place white-collar defendants typically serve comparatively quick sentences.

    He sentenced Mr Cohen, who has been below home arrest since he was launched on bail following his arrest final October, to time served plus an extra 12 months of house confinement within the US.

    The choose added 1,500 hours of group service serving to the “neediest and most susceptible”, an expertise he stated would present Mr Cohen how these much less lucky lived.

    “There seems to be no rationalization for Mr Cohen’s settlement to take part on this sordid scheme apart from greed and hubris,” he stated, noting that the $260,000 of unlawful earnings he made had been lower than his annual bonus at Goldman.

    “Maybe he thought he lined his tracks so effectively that nobody would ever uncover the scheme, or maybe he was simply doing it for the joys,” the choose stated.

    Mr Cohen apologised for his crimes earlier than he was sentenced, telling the choose: “I’m terribly sorry and ashamed to be right here earlier than you at this time . . . I’ve destroyed my life.”

    The Securities and Trade Fee additionally filed costs in opposition to Mr Cohen that he settled this yr by forfeiting the unlawful earnings he made and agreeing to a lifetime ban from the monetary trade.

    Others indicted alongside Mr Cohen embrace two different former London-based funding bankers, Benjamin Taylor, who labored at boutique advisory group Moelis & Co, and Darina Windsor, who labored at personal fairness group Centerview Companions. Each stay at giant.

    A Manhattan jury returned a responsible verdict in opposition to one other defendant within the case, Telemaque Lavidas, in January. Mr Lavidas is awaiting sentencing.

    The Swiss dealer to whom Mr Cohen bought info, Marc Demane Debih, was the star witness in Mr Lavidas’ trial after he pleaded responsible and co-operated with prosecutors.

  • What Australia can learn from Sweden’s move to a cashless society

    As Australia flirts with the idea of a cashless society after coronavirus, Sweden has a warning: be careful what you wish for.

    It was already well on the way to digital-only payments before the pandemic was declared, and the virus has only served to hasten the demise of cash.

    “If you walk in the city in Stockholm nowadays, most of the stores will have signs saying they don’t accept cash anymore,” says Niklas Arvidsson, an associate professor at Sweden’s Royal Institute of Technology.

    If you are one of the many Australians who now prefer to use a card over cash, this might not sound like such a bad thing.

    But as Mr Arvidsson explains, there are now concerns Sweden went too hard too early and the rapid switch can have unintended consequences.

    Sweden’s quick switch

    Sweden has undergone a remarkable and comparatively rapid shift away from cash as its government and central bank left it to the market to decide what worked best.

    Banks had no interest in keeping physical currency alive as they make no profit on cash purchases, and ATMs are costly to operate.

    In fact, Mr Arvidsson said it was now difficult to even find an ATM outside a major city in Sweden.

    ‘Australia could be cashless in two years’

    Australia is already well on the way to a cashless society.

    The Reserve Bank’s 2019 Consumer Payments Survey, released in March, found that in the space of a decade cash went from the dominant form of payment to now barely cracking a quarter of transactions.

    But it’s not all consumer-driven.

    Last year, the Federal Government proposed laws to ban cash payments of $10,000 and more, threatening jail sentences of up to two years for people who didn’t obey.

    Meanwhile, cryptocurrencies, once the dream of Silicon Valley tech-heads and Facebook, are now being seriously considered by governments around the world.

    And in recent years the likes of India and the European Central Bank have phased out higher-value notes.

    It’s led global firm Research and Markets to estimate that Australia could become the Asia-Pacific’s “first cashless society” by 2022. The Commonwealth Bank thinks we’ll probably get there by 2026.

  • IT giants looming over finance industry

    Financial firms are keeping a keen eye on IT giants Naver and Kakao that are continuing to expand in the financial services industry. The tech companies hold immense potential, as they are able to provide innovative services based on their tech capabilities and have access to massive pools of data from their e-commerce platforms.

    “We will create new engines of growth with accumulated technology in the contactless market,” Naver CEO Han Seong-sook stated in a conference call after the company’s earnings for the first quarter were released in April.

    Financial firms in the past did not regard “techfin companies” as a threat, as they were convinced they know the most about finance. Techfin refers to established technology firms providing financial services in collaboration with financial companies. This compares with the term “fintech,” which refers to financial firms incorporating technology to enhance the services they offer.

    In the era of digitization, companies in the finance sector are realizing that tech is becoming crucial in maintaining competitiveness.

    This is where big tech firms have a huge advantage, enabling internet lenders such as Kakao Bank to lead in user-oriented application designs that have attracted masses of younger users.

    Tech giants such as Naver and Kakao have another competitive edge ― data accumulated from online shopping transactions as both operate e-commerce platforms.

    Naver Shopping has grown into Korea’s largest e-commerce platform, with 30 million users as of the third quarter of 2019.

    Kakao’s mobile gift shop, accessed by Kakao Talk users, has also seen annual transactions grow to several trillions of won.

    Both Naver and Kakao have seen their stock price soar in past weeks, based on numerous factors including the potential of their businesses in finance.

    Naver’s price per share climbed from 135,000, March 19, to 246,000 won May 26. Kakao’s stock price surged from 127,500 won to 279,500 won by the same day.

    This has changed the order of companies by market capitalization. Kakao entered the list of top 10, pushing out traditional power houses such as POSCO and Hyundai Mobis.

    As of May 29, Naver ranked fourth, accounting for 2.8 percent of market capitalization. Kakao ranked eighth, taking up 1.8 percent.

    Sung Jong-wha, an analyst at eBest Securities, referred to Kakao’s subsidiaries with “contactless businesses” having immense potential.

    Entering the financial industry is considered the next step for IT firms, as the easy payment market has become overheated.

    This is also the path taken by Ant Financial, which was formerly Alipay, an affiliate of China’s tech colossus Alibaba Group. Ant Financial now operates a credit payment company as well as an online bank and a wealth management platform. It is the highest-valued fintech firm globally, and the most valuable unicorn company, estimated at $150 billion.

  • Finance sector embracing casual dress code

    The finance sector has long been associated with sharp suits and a strict hierarchy, but more firms and institutions are joining the move to break down this stereotype.

    Beginning this month, Woori Bank has eased the dress code for all employees, enabling a wider choice of attire other than suits.

    The bank has noted at the same time that employees dealing with customers should be dressed in smart attire.

    The measure is part of the new CEO’s drive to innovate the culture and existing practices at the bank.

    “We have decided to ease the dress code to align the bank with rapid changes occurring in this era that includes digitization and the growth of contactless transactions, as well as to revitalize the bank,” Woori Bank CEO Kwon Kwang-seok stated in an email sent out to employees last month.

    “We hope that this measure not only leads to more diverse attire but results in the transformation of the company into an innovative bank that does not fear change.”

    The measure is regarded to have contributed to greater gender equality within the bank, as young female employees are no longer required to wear uniforms.

    The Financial Supervisory Service (FSS), which was long regarded as one of the most authoritative and rigid institutions in the finance sector, also introduced a similar system last month.

    Every Friday, employees are able to opt for more casual attire. The change has been welcomed by those within the supervisory agency, from younger staff members to officials in managerial positions.

    “One advantage of casual attire is that it is much more comfortable to work in,” an official at the FSS said. He said this also creates a more relaxed atmosphere within the office.

    “Officials in managerial positions are also taking part ― we see them wearing chinos instead of suit pants,” he said.

    An official of the planning and coordination department said the measure was introduced to provide more autonomy to employees.

    “Employees are able to choose what to wear as long as it’s based on the principle of time, place and occasion (TPO). If they are visiting financial firms for inspection purposes they will need to be dressed smartly, if not, they can dress comfortably.”

    “We introduced ‘casual Friday’ as part of efforts to break down the authoritative atmosphere, provide more autonomy to employees and encourage creative thinking,” he said.